Bergen's vibrant harbor and colorful wooden houses attract many visitors, but at the harbor's entrance there is also a historic gem: the Bergenhus Fortress. This ancient stronghold offers a unique glimpse into Norway's past, but is it truly a must-see for tourists? In this article, we’ll explore the history, attractions, and practicalities of visiting Bergenhus Fortress to help you decide if it deserves a spot on your itinerary.
What's the story behind Bergenhus Fortress?
Bergenhus Fortress stands as one of Norway's oldest and best-preserved fortresses, with its origins tracing back to the 1240s. It was a central hub of power during the Middle Ages when Bergen was the capital of Norway (until Oslo took over in 1299).Â
But the foundations of Bergenhus Fortress are even older. They were laid by King Olav Kyrre around 1070, who is regarded as the founder of Bergen. Olav chose this place because of its many natural harbors and connections with the surrounding areas – and possibly because of its beauty too. The name "Bergen" derives from the Old Norse "Bergvin," which is a combination of the words for mountain ("berg") and meadow ("vin"). This compound word captures quite elegantly how Bergen is a meadow tucked between the mountains.Â
If you want to learn more about this period and the rich history of Bergen, I can recommend the Bergen Through Time audio walk.
How old is Bergenhus Fortress?
Bergenhus Fortress dates back to the 1240s, making it close to 800 years old. Its age and preservation make it a significant historical site, offering insights into medieval Norwegian architecture and military strategy.
What has Bergenhus Fortress been used for?
Throughout its history, Bergenhus Fortress has served various purposes. Initially, it was a royal residence and a symbol of the monarchy's power. Over the centuries, it has been used as a military base, a defensive stronghold during times of conflict, and a site for royal ceremonies and events. Today it is officially owned by the military and used for military purposes.Â
What can I see at Bergenhus Fortress?
Visitors to Bergenhus Fortress can explore two main attractions: the Rosenkrantz Tower and Haakon’s Hall. The Rosenkrantz Tower, built in the 1560s, offers panoramic views of the city and harbor, while Haakon’s Hall, a medieval stone hall, is a testament to the grandeur of the Norwegian monarchy.Â
Additionally, the fortress grounds provide a scenic walk with informative plaques with its history. Here is a overview map an a list of the 5 most prominent buildings of the fortress complex.
Top 5 Buildings to See at Bergenhus Fortress
- Rosenkrantz Tower (02)
This iconic medieval tower served as both a residence and a defensive structure in the 16th century. Its blend of Gothic and Renaissance architecture is stunning, and visitors can explore its dungeons, chambers, and enjoy panoramic views from the top. - Håkon’s Hall (12)
Built in the 13th century by King Håkon Håkonsson, this grand hall hosted royal banquets and ceremonies. It is Norway’s largest medieval secular building, showcasing impressive architecture and historical artifacts. - Kristkirketomten (14)
The site of the former Christ Church, where Norwegian kings were crowned and buried. Today, visitors can explore the area marked by remnants and learn about its royal and religious significance. - Bergenhus Fortress Museum (27)
Housed in the Provisions Building, the museum highlights Bergen’s military and cultural history, including fascinating exhibits from World War II and Bergen’s maritime legacy. - Sverresborg Bastion (35)
Part of the fortress’s original 12th-century defenses, this elevated rampart offers breathtaking views of the harbor and fortress grounds, making it a perfect spot for history and photography enthusiasts.
How long to spend at Bergenhus Fortress?
Most visitors find that spending 1 to 2 hours at Bergenhus Fortress is sufficient to explore its main attractions and enjoy a leisurely walk around the grounds. However, history enthusiasts might want to allocate more time to fully appreciate the detailed exhibits and historical significance. A great way to explore the fortress and the other main attractions is Bergen Through Time audio walk which starts at Bergenhus.Â
How much does it cost to go to Bergenhus Fortress?
Entrance to the fortress grounds is free, allowing visitors to enjoy the outdoor areas without any cost. However, there are admission fees for entering the Rosenkrantz Tower (around 150 NOK) and Haakon’s Hall (around 120 NOK). It’s advisable to check the latest prices on the official website, as they may vary seasonally (I have added links to the official websites).
Is it worth going to Bergenhus Fortress?
Pros: For history buffs and those interested in medieval architecture, Bergenhus Fortress is certainly worth a visit. It is one of Norway’s oldest and best-preserved fortifications, showcasing medieval structures like Håkon’s Hall and Rosenkrantz Tower. The fortress often hosts cultural events, such as concerts and festivals, adding a lively dimension to its historical appeal. Situated at the entrance to Bergen’s harbor, it also offers stunning views and photo opportunities.
Cons: Bergen’s frequent rain might dampen the experience of exploring the fortress (and some areas may pose accessibility challenges for visitors with mobility issues). Additionally, the site can get crowded during peak tourist seasons, which may detract from its charm. Those uninterested in history or architecture might find other attractions in Bergen more engaging.
How to get to Bergenhus Fortress?
Bergenhus Fortress is conveniently located near the city center, making it easily accessible by foot from most downtown hotels. For those using public transportation, several bus lines stop nearby. Additionally, the fortress is a short walk from the Bergen Fish Market and Bryggen, making it an ideal addition to a day of sightseeing.
What else can I do in Bergen?
Bergen offers a lot of activities and attractions beyond the fortress. Visitors can wander through the UNESCO-listed Bryggen Wharf, take a funicular ride up Mount Fløyen for stunning views, or explore the vibrant fish market. Bergen's museums, art galleries, and surrounding fjords also provide ample opportunities for exploration and adventure.
To truly immerse yourself in Bergen's historical landscape, consider using the StoryHunt app. This app provides guided audio tours and interactive maps, enhancing your experience at Bergenhus Fortress and other notable sites around the city. I can recommend the Bergen Through Time audio walk.